2 Samuel 22:42

Authorized King James Version

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They looked, but there was none to save; even unto the LORD, but he answered them not.

Original Language Analysis

יִשְׁע֖וּ They looked H8159
יִשְׁע֖וּ They looked
Strong's: H8159
Word #: 1 of 7
to gaze at or about (properly, for help); by implication, to inspect, consider, compassionate, be nonplussed (as looking around in amazement) or bewil
וְאֵ֣ין H369
וְאֵ֣ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 2 of 7
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מֹשִׁ֑יעַ but there was none to save H3467
מֹשִׁ֑יעַ but there was none to save
Strong's: H3467
Word #: 3 of 7
properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e., (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 7
near, with or among; often in general, to
יְהוָ֖ה even unto the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֖ה even unto the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 5 of 7
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וְלֹ֥א H3808
וְלֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 7
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
עָנָֽם׃ but he answered H6030
עָנָֽם׃ but he answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

Analysis & Commentary

They looked, but there was none to save; even unto the LORD, but he answered them not.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Song, emphasizing praising God for deliverance. David's psalm of deliverance (parallel to Psalm 18) celebrates God's faithfulness throughout his tumultuous reign. The Hebrew poetry employs vivid imagery of divine intervention, warrior language, and covenant terminology. Theological themes include praising God for deliverance, reviewing God's faithfulness in retrospect, the righteousness of God's judgments, and anticipation of ultimate victory through God's anointed (messianic overtones).

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 22 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding praising God for deliverance provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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